When delving into learning theories, one can’t overlook the significant role of Cognitivism. This approach, which emerged as a response to the Behaviourist theory, focuses on the mental processes involved in acquiring and retaining knowledge. It emphasises the role of the learner’s cognitive functions, such as perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving, in understanding how learning occurs.
Cognitivism asserts that learning is an internal and active process where learners construct their understanding through mental activities. It’s based on the idea that learners aren’t merely passive recipients of information but actively interact with and interpret their environment. In cognitivism, the mind is perceived as an information-processing system where learners constantly organise, store, and recall information to adapt and enhance their understanding of the world.
Researchers in the field of cognitivism have contributed significantly to the development of instructional design techniques and teaching methodologies. They’ve highlighted the importance of prior knowledge and emphasised the need for meaningful learning experiences. As a result, educational practices have shifted towards learner-centred approaches, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills, making cognitivism a highly influential learning theory in today’s educational landscape.
